Question 1

Which of the following individuals is most likely to have the greatest bone density?

Accepted Answer

A)   An astronaut who has been in space for an extended time
B)   A computer programmer
C)   A person who walks 30 minutes a day
D)   A person who has been chronically ill and in bedE) A) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 2

How would a calcium deficiency affect the process of skeletal muscle contraction?

Accepted Answer

A)   Myosin heads would not bind to actin efficiently.
B)   Skeletal muscles would not be able to utilize ATP as a source of fuel.
C)   The myosin heads would remain attached to actin molecules.
D)   The action potential would be blocked from entering the muscle fiber.E) All of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 3

Skeletal muscle produces force as the "walk" along the .

Accepted Answer

A)   actin heads; myosin
B)   ATP molecules; myofibrils
C)   myosin heads; actin
D)   creatine phosphate molecules; sarcomereE) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 4

Which of the following increases bone mass?

Accepted Answer

A)   Dietary nitrogen supplements
B)   Moderate stress from weight- bearing exercises
C)   Increased osteoclast activity
D)   Increasing the action potentials that directly stimulate bonesE) A) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 5

Cartilage is composed of specialized cells called

Accepted Answer

A)   erythrocytes.
B)   chondrocytes.
C)   platelets.
D)   osteoblasts.
E)   osteoclasts.F) A) and B)
G) B) and E)

Question 6

Over time, what will happen to the structure of the bones of a left- handed professional baseball player?

Accepted Answer

The bones associated with the left arm (and left- handed activities) will grow thicker than the bones of the right arm.

Question 7

What happens to an astronaut who spends 2 months in the weightless environment of a space capsule?

Accepted Answer

A)   Bone density increases and muscle mass increases.
B)   Bone density decreases and muscle mass decreases.
C)   Bone density increases and muscle mass decreases.
D)   Bone density decreases and muscle mass increases.E) A) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 8

What is the major disadvantage of an exoskeleton?

Accepted Answer

A)   It does not protect the internal organs.
B)   It does not provide effective support for muscles.
C)   It hardens only after an extended exposure to air.
D)   It must be periodically shed for growth to occur.E) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 9

The vertebrate skeleton is made up of _ , ligaments, and bones.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The vertebrate skeleton is made up of...

Question 10

Smooth muscle

Accepted Answer

A)   is under voluntary control.
B)   contracts when stretched.
C)   produces rapid contractions.
D)   does not contain actin or myosin.E) C) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 11

If an athlete damages the cartilage in her knee, it tends to heal very slowly because cartilage

Accepted Answer

A)   is dead tissue.
B)   lacks a blood supply.
C)   hardens with age.
D)   cannot be replaced or repaired by the body.
E)   is rejected by the body as it is formed.F) A) and D)
G) B) and E) B

Question 12

Red bone marrow, which produces red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets, is located in

Accepted Answer

A)   compact bone.
B)   spongy bone.
C)   ligaments.
D)   cartilage.E) C) and D)
F) A) and D)

Question 13

Describe the differences between fast- twitch and slow- twitch muscle fibers.

Accepted Answer

Slow- twitch muscles fibers do not contr...

Question 14

How does a muscle return to its extended condition after contracting?

Accepted Answer

It is pulled back to the extended position by another muscle that is antagonistic to it.

Question 15

A callus is a mass of bone and cartilage that

Accepted Answer

A)   forms after a bone breaks.
B)   is involved in bone formation in the vertebrate embryo.
C)   is a form of bone cancer.
D)   thickens the fibrous structure of a muscle.E) A) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 16

Thick filaments are composed primarily of , whereas thin filaments consist of .

Accepted Answer

A)   T tubules; Z discs
B)   myosin; actin
C)   actin; myosin
D)   Z discs; T tubulesE) B) and D)
F) A) and D)

Question 17

The term motor unit refers to

Accepted Answer

A)   all the motor neurons stimulating a skeletal muscle.
B)   all the skeletal muscles in one region of the body.
C)   all the muscle fibers that synapse with one motor neuron.
D)   an entire skeletal muscle.
E)   all sarcomeres within a single muscle fiber.F) C) and E)
G) C) and D)

Question 18

In skeletal and cardiac muscles, relaxation occurs as ions are pumped back into the sarcoplasmic reticulum.

Accepted Answer

A)   calcium
B)   sodium
C)   potassium
D)   chlorideE) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 19

The myofibrils of skeletal muscle are made up of repeating units called

Accepted Answer

A)   T tubules.
B)   motor units.
C)   Z lines.
D)   fibers.
E)   sarcomeres.F) C) and E)
G) B) and D)

Question 20

An exoskeleton is characteristic of , whereas an endoskeleton is a characteristic of .

Accepted Answer

A)   reptiles; insects
B)   insects; reptiles
C)   mammals; spiders
D)   sea anemones; humansE) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Exam 41: Action and Support: the Muscles and Skeleton

Which of the following individuals is most likely to have the greatest bone density?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

How would a calcium deficiency affect the process of skeletal muscle contraction?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Skeletal muscle produces force as the "walk" along the .

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following increases bone mass?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Cartilage is composed of specialized cells called

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Over time, what will happen to the structure of the bones of a left- handed professional baseball player?

Correct AnswerverifiedThe bones associated with the left arm (and left- handed activities) will grow thicker than the bones of the right arm.

What happens to an astronaut who spends 2 months in the weightless environment of a space capsule?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is the major disadvantage of an exoskeleton?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The vertebrate skeleton is made up of _ , ligaments, and bones.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Smooth muscle

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If an athlete damages the cartilage in her knee, it tends to heal very slowly because cartilage

Correct AnswerverifiedB

Red bone marrow, which produces red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets, is located in

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Describe the differences between fast- twitch and slow- twitch muscle fibers.

Correct AnswerverifiedSlow- twitch muscles fibers do not contr...View AnswerShow Answer

How does a muscle return to its extended condition after contracting?

Correct AnswerverifiedIt is pulled back to the extended position by another muscle that is antagonistic to it.

A callus is a mass of bone and cartilage that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Thick filaments are composed primarily of , whereas thin filaments consist of .

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The term motor unit refers to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In skeletal and cardiac muscles, relaxation occurs as ions are pumped back into the sarcoplasmic reticulum.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The myofibrils of skeletal muscle are made up of repeating units called

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

An exoskeleton is characteristic of , whereas an endoskeleton is a characteristic of .

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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The bones associated with the left arm (and left- handed activities) will grow thicker than the bones of the right arm.

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B

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Slow- twitch muscles fibers do not contr...
View Answer

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It is pulled back to the extended position by another muscle that is antagonistic to it.

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