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Even if a stream is overloaded with non-biodegradable pollutants, it can recover on its own relatively quickly through a natural recovery process once the pollution stops.

A) True
B) False

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What aquatic ecosystem is most capable of diluting, dispersing, and degrading large amounts of sewage, sludge, and oil?


A) Estuary
B) Swiftly flowing stream
C) Deep-water ocean
D) Coastal parts of the ocean
E) Slow-moving river

F) A) and B)
G) All of the above

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When too much groundwater is taken from an area, saltwater intrusion can result and lead to groundwater contamination.

A) True
B) False

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Discuss the major issues associated with freshwater resources in the United States.

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Answers will vary somewhat, but will con...

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A lake that is beautifully clear, so that it's possible to see right through to the bottom because there is so little organic debris, is called eutrophic.

A) True
B) False

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Drip irrigation systems are highly efficient in getting water to crops, with 90 to 95% of water reaching plant roots rather than being wasted.

A) True
B) False

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Make a list of at least four major water pollutants and their sources.

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1. Infectious agents (pathogens, human a...

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When the weather is dry or when groundwater is removed for human use, the ____________________ may be lowered.

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How will climate change affect water availability?

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Climate change is predicted to lead to i...

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What is the primary problem with drawing excessive amounts of groundwater from near ocean coastlines?


A) Pollution travels faster through sandy soils.
B) Sand clogs up the wells.
C) Sinkholes
D) Land subsidence
E) Saltwater can be pulled into freshwater aquifers.

F) None of the above
G) C) and E)

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Eutrophication is a condition of natural nutrient enrichment of a shallow lake, estuary, or slow-moving stream.

A) True
B) False

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How is an oxygen sag curve created?


A) The use of unlined landfills, household chemicals, mining refuse, and industrial discharges affects oxygen concentration.
B) The breakdown of biodegradable wastes by bacteria depletes dissolved oxygen.
C) The production of bacteria from livestock and food-processing wastes, and excess salts from soils of irrigated cropland absorbs oxygen.
D) The erosion of sediments and runoff of toxic chemicals react with oxygen.
E) The use of animal feedlots, food-processing facilities, and paper mills depletes oxygen levels.

F) B) and E)
G) A) and B)

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Large dams and reservoirs ____.


A) reduce danger of flooding upstream
B) disrupt migration and spawning of fish
C) cannot be used for outdoor recreation
D) allow extensive downstream transport of sediments
E) have created lakes over of otherwise unproductive land

F) A) and B)
G) All of the above

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When South Africa raised water prices, low-income consumers were helped by establishing ____________________, which give each household a set amount of free or low-priced water to meet basic needs.

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The desalination process called ____________________ (or microfiltration) uses high pressure to force saltwater through a filter that removes the salt and other impurities.

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Almost half of the earth's land could experience extreme drought by 2045 due almost entirely to natural drought cycles.

A) True
B) False

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Large amounts of rain can cause water from streams to spread onto surrounding ____________________.

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What action could help decrease the single largest use of domestic water in the United States?


A) Use a drip system in your garden.
B) Install a low-flow shower head.
C) Use native plants in your landscaping.
D) Install a water-saving toilet tank.
E) Use gray water to water your houseplants.

F) A) and E)
G) A) and D)

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List at least five things you are willing to do to help eliminate water waste. As part of your answer explain why these things are important.

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The answers to the first part of this qu...

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One of the most serious overdrafts of groundwater is in the United States in the lower half of the ________________aquifer.

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