Question 1

The entrance to the gas exchange system of insects is via

Accepted Answer

A)   spiracles.
B)   the mouth.
C)   the scaphognathite.
D)   the branchial chamber.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 2

HIF-1 and HIF-2 can help increase the O2-carrying ability of the blood by

Accepted Answer

A)   increasing the secretion of erythropoietin.
B)   increasing ventilation rate.
C)   decreasing the diffusion distance at the lungs.
D)   increasing circulation rate.E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 3

What are the major stimuli for increasing ventilation in fish?

Accepted Answer

One of the major stimuli for increasing ...

Question 4

Which is primarily responsible for moving air into the lungs of a lizard?

Accepted Answer

A)   The buccal pump
B)   The buccopharyngeal pump
C)   The intercostal muscles
D)   The diaphragmE) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Question 5

Which statement about land crab respiration is true?

Accepted Answer

A)   Most land crabs have evolved lungs.
B)   They allow their gills to go dry and ventilate them with air.
C)   Their gills are ventilated with water.
D)   O2 is taken up chiefly by their branchial-chamber epithelium.E) All of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 6

If the inspiratory reserve volume is 3000 mL, the tidal volume is 500 mL, the expiratory reserve volume is 1000 mL, and the residual volume is 1000 mL, what is the vital capacity?

Accepted Answer

A)   3500 mL
B)   4500 mL
C)   5000 mL
D)   5500 mLE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 7

Which statement is the most accurate definition of external respiration?

Accepted Answer

A)   Bulk flow (convection)  of air or water to and from the gas-exchange membrane.
B)   The process by which O2 is transported to the gas-exchange membrane from the environmental medium and by which CO2 is transported away from the membrane into the environmental medium.
C)   The process by which CO2 is transported to the gas-exchange membrane from the environmental medium and O2 is transported away from the membrane into the environmental medium.
D)   Diffusion of O2 and CO2 across the gas exchange membrane.E) B) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 8

Comparing insect and vertebrate breathing,

Accepted Answer

A)   vertebrates rely on conspicuous ventilation and insects rely on diffusion.
B)   both use conspicuous ventilation and diffusion.
C)   insects rely on conspicuous ventilation and insects rely on diffusion.
D)   both rely on diffusion and only vertebrates rely on conspicuous ventilation.E) All of the above
F) A) and D)

Question 9

An aquatic decapod crustacean moves water through the branchial chamber and ventilates the gills with its

Accepted Answer

A)   opercular pump.
B)   buccal pump.
C)   mouth.
D)   scaphognathite.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 10

Which animal group(s)  has(have)  a true diaphragm?

Accepted Answer

A)   Reptiles and mammals
B)   Birds and mammals
C)   Mammals
D)   BirdsE) None of the above
F) All of the above

Question 11

Describe the physiological advantages of the bird respiratory system that make it more efficient than the mammalian system.

Accepted Answer

Birds have two functional advantages in ...

Question 12

Crocodilians and turtles have _______ lungs, which have a significantly _______ surface area compared to _______ lungs.

Accepted Answer

A)   unicameral; smaller; multicameral
B)   multicameral; smaller; unicameral
C)   multicameral; greater; unicameral
D)   unicameral; greater; multicameralE) A) and D)
F) C) and D)

Question 13

Refer to the figure shown.
2 partial pressures are _______ the corresponding medium values and _______ from left to right. A)  lower than; increase B)  lower than; decrease C)  higher than; increase D)  higher than; decrease" class="answers-bank-image d-inline" rel="preload" > At I in the diagram, O2 partial pressures are _______ the corresponding medium values and _______ from left to right.

Accepted Answer

A)   lower than; increase
B)   lower than; decrease
C)   higher than; increase
D)   higher than; decreaseE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 14

Bird respiration is characterized by _______ air flow and _______ gas exchange.

Accepted Answer

A)   nondirectional; countercurrent
B)   unidirectional; cross-current
C)   nondirectional; cross-current
D)   unidirectional; countercurrentE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 15

Which structure(s)  is(are)  primarily responsible for gas exchange in the bird respiratory system?

Accepted Answer

A)   Mesobronchus
B)   Secondary bronchi
C)   Parabronchi
D)   Air sacsE) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Question 16

The rate of O2 uptake by the breathing organ depends on the

Accepted Answer

A)   volume flow of air or water per unit of time.
B)   amount of O2 removed from each unit of volume.
C)   amount of CO2 needing to be removed.
D)   volume flow of respiratory medium per unit time and the amount of O2 removed from each unit volume.E) A) and B)
F) C) and D)

Question 17

In the mammalian alveoli, the partial pressure of O2 is _______ that of atmospheric air and the CO2 partial pressure is _______ that of atmospheric air.

Accepted Answer

A)   higher than; lower than
B)   lower than; higher than
C)   lower than; lower than
D)   the same as; higher thanE) All of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 18

A rise in arterial blood CO2 partial pressure by 5 mm Hg would increase ventilation frequency in humans. This mechanism would likely trigger increased ventilation in

Accepted Answer

A)   all vertebrates.
B)   just terrestrial vertebrates.
C)   just aquatic vertebrates.
D)   all animals.E) None of the above
F) All of the above

Question 19

The O2 partial pressure in the blood leaving a breathing organ is considered the best single measure of the breathing organ's effectiveness. Why is the partial pressure of blood going toward the breathing organ not an effective measure?

Accepted Answer

Since the breathing organ is the point a...

Question 20

Refer to the figure shown.
 Which of the arrows in the figure is showing air movement during inhalation incorrectly?

Accepted Answer

A)   I
B)   II
C)   III
D)   IVE) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

Exam 23: External Respiration: the Physiology of Breathing

In the mammalian alveoli, the partial pressure of O2 is _______ that of atmospheric air and the CO2 partial pressure is _______ that of atmospheric air.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The entrance to the gas exchange system of insects is via

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Refer to the figure shown. Which of the arrows in the figure is showing air movement during inhalation incorrectly?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The O2 partial pressure in the blood leaving a breathing organ is considered the best single measure of the breathing organ's effectiveness. Why is the partial pressure of blood going toward the breathing organ not an effective measure?

Correct AnswerverifiedSince the breathing organ is the point a...View AnswerShow Answer

An aquatic decapod crustacean moves water through the branchial chamber and ventilates the gills with its

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Crocodilians and turtles have _______ lungs, which have a significantly _______ surface area compared to _______ lungs.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Refer to the figure shown. At I in the diagram, O2 partial pressures are _______ the corresponding medium values and _______ from left to right.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which statement is the most accurate definition of external respiration?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Bird respiration is characterized by _______ air flow and _______ gas exchange.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Describe the physiological advantages of the bird respiratory system that make it more efficient than the mammalian system.

Correct AnswerverifiedBirds have two functional advantages in ...View AnswerShow Answer

HIF-1 and HIF-2 can help increase the O2-carrying ability of the blood by

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which animal group(s) has(have) a true diaphragm?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which structure(s) is(are) primarily responsible for gas exchange in the bird respiratory system?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which statement about land crab respiration is true?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Comparing insect and vertebrate breathing,

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The rate of O2 uptake by the breathing organ depends on the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which is primarily responsible for moving air into the lungs of a lizard?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A rise in arterial blood CO2 partial pressure by 5 mm Hg would increase ventilation frequency in humans. This mechanism would likely trigger increased ventilation in

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If the inspiratory reserve volume is 3000 mL, the tidal volume is 500 mL, the expiratory reserve volume is 1000 mL, and the residual volume is 1000 mL, what is the vital capacity?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What are the major stimuli for increasing ventilation in fish?

Correct AnswerverifiedOne of the major stimuli for increasing ...View AnswerShow Answer

In the mammalian alveoli, the partial pressure of O₂is _ that of atmospheric air and the CO₂ partial pressure is _ that of atmospheric air.

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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The O₂ partial pressure in the blood leaving a breathing organ is considered the best single measure of the breathing organ's effectiveness. Why is the partial pressure of blood going toward the breathing organ not an effective measure?

Correct Answer
verified
Since the breathing organ is the point a...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Crocodilians and turtles have ___ lungs, which have a significantly _ surface area compared to _____ lungs.

Correct Answer
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Refer to the figure shown. At I in the diagram, O₂ partial pressures are _ the corresponding medium values and _ from left to right.

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Bird respiration is characterized by _ air flow and _ gas exchange.

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Birds have two functional advantages in ...
View Answer

HIF-1 and HIF-2 can help increase the O₂-carrying ability of the blood by

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

The rate of O₂ uptake by the breathing organ depends on the

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

A rise in arterial blood CO₂ partial pressure by 5 mm Hg would increase ventilation frequency in humans. This mechanism would likely trigger increased ventilation in

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
One of the major stimuli for increasing ...
View Answer