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Exam 11: Analysis of Variance: One-Way Classification

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Question 1

Multiple Choice

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The ANOVA technique as described in Chapter 11 cannot be used when

A) the number of scores in each group is unequal
B) subjects are randomly assigned to one of the groups before the independent variable is administered
C) samples are drawn from populations that have equal variances
D) subjects participate in every level of the independent variable.

E) None of the above
F) C) and D)

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D

Question 2

Multiple Choice

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For the probability figures in Table F to be accurate, the populations that the samples are drawn from should

A) have equal variances
B) have equal N's
C) both of the descriptive alternatives are correct
D) neither of the descriptive alternatives is correct.

E) A) and D)
F) None of the above

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Question 3

Multiple Choice

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Big Bird analyzed a set of data and got an F value of less than 1.00. Big Bird should

If a tabled value of F is 10.00 and the F obtained from the data is only 9.00, you should

For a one-way ANOVA, an effect size index (f) that qualifies as large is

Thirty rats are randomly assigned to three groups (10 rats per group) and all learned the same maze. The number of trials required for one errorless performance was the dependent variable. In the goal box they are given a glucose solution as a reward. One group was allowed 10 licks of the solution; one was allowed 5 licks; and one, 2 licks. Summary data for the three groups are presented below. $\begin{array} { l c c c } & \text { 10 Licks } & 5 \text { Licks } & \text { 2 Licks } \\\Sigma \mathrm { X }& 60 & 80 & 100 \\\Sigma \mathrm { X } ^ { 2 } & 380 & 875 & 1200 \\N & 10 & 10 & 10\end{array}$ a. Perform an analysis of variance to test the hypothesis that µ₁₀ = µ₅ = µ₂. Present your results in a summary table. b. Calculate f, the effect size index. c. Interpret your findings.

Data Set 11-3: The baseline of each curve represents scores on the dependent variable (just like the curves in the book) . -Refer to Data Set 11-3. The null hypothesis should be rejected for an ANOVA in Experiment

Variance is just another word for

The F distribution is not a normal distribution.

When the F value in the F table is smaller than the F value calculated from the data

The person responsible for developing analysis of variance was Francis Galton.

A group of 72 participants was equally divided into four groups. A Tukey HSD test produced a value that led to the conclusion that Mean 1 was significantly larger than Mean 2, p < .05. Which of the following situations would lead to such a conclusion?

Planning a limited number of post-ANOVA tests before the data are gathered goes withtests, and choosing any and all differences to test after looking at the data goes with _________________tests.

The F distribution is called F

MS_treat is a good estimator of $\sigma$ ², even when the null hypothesis is false.

Wolfgang Kohler in The Mentality of Apes (1925) describes Sultan the ape's "aha"experience of putting two sticks together to make a banana rake. Later, American psychologists asked if the "aha"insight was dependent on previous experiences with sticks-perhaps Sultan was just remembering, rather than discovering, the solution to the problem. In one of the later studies, chimps with no experience with sticks were compared to those that had weeks, months, or years experience. The number of minutes needed to solve the problem was recorded and the following means were obtained, each based on an N of 14: no experience (0) -50, weeks-60, months-40, years-20. The overall F was 2.80. The following HSD values were found. $\begin{array} { c c c c } & 0 \text { vs. Weeks } & \text { Months vs. Years } & \text { 0 vs. Months } \\ & 2.95 & 4.63 & 2.50\end{array}$ Interpret the results in English.

Data Set 11-6: Walking is valuable exercise. Does the size of the place you live have any relationship to how much walking you do? The following data (in miles per day) are entirely hypothetical, but represent a reasonable guess. (The place names for this problem are ordered from large to small and are from particular sources-can you identify a source or two?) $\begin{array} { l c c c } & \text { Gotham } & \text { Middletown } & \text { Grovers Corners } \\ \Sigma \mathrm { X } & 16 & 24 & 32 \\\Sigma \mathrm { X } ^ { 2 } & 70 & 60 & 140 \\N & 4 & 12 & 8\end{array}$ -For Data Set 11-6, the proper conclusion is that there are

Data Set 11-5: $\begin{array} { r r c } \text { Group A } & \text { Group B } & \text { Group C } \\\hline8 & 13 & 15 \\10 & 15 & 17\end{array}$ -Suppose each of the scores in Data Set 11-5 was changed by adding 1 to it. SS_error will then be

Which of the phrases does not belong?

For a one way ANOVA, an effect size (d) that is considered large is