Question 1

Figure 36.2
Some nonreproductive structures are labeled in parentheses for orientation purposes.
-Sertoli cells are important for nourishing sperm. Where in the figure are they located?

Accepted Answer

A)   1
B)   4
C)   9
D)   11E) C) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 2

The vertebrate ectoderm is the origin of the

Accepted Answer

A)   nervous system.
B)   liver.
C)   sensory system.
D)   heart.
E)   kidneys.F) All of the above
G) D) and E)

Question 3

What is a possible outcome of oligo-ovulation, a condition in which a woman has infrequent or irregular menstrual cycles?

Accepted Answer

A)   Ovulation does not occur on a regular basis.
B)   Menopause does not occur.
C)   Spermatogenesis in the woman's male partner is not able to occur.
D)   The hypothalamus becomes inhibited by high levels of estradiol.E) B) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 4

During fertilization, the acrosomal contents

Accepted Answer

A)   block polyspermy.
B)   help propel more sperm toward the egg.
C)   digest the protective jelly coat on the surface of the egg.
D)   nourish the mitochondria of the sperm.
E)   trigger the completion of meiosis by the sperm.F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 5

If a man is born with a blockage in his epididymis, he may experience

Accepted Answer

A)   fragmentation.
B)   low sperm count.
C)   budding.
D)   high sperm count.E) A) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 6

Figure 36.1
Some nonreproductive structures are labeled in parentheses for orientation purposes.
-In Figure 36.1, which number corresponds to the cervix?

Accepted Answer

A)   2
B)   4
C)   6
D)   7
E)   15F) All of the above
G) A) and B)

Question 7

An inactivating mutation in the progesterone receptor gene would likely result in

Accepted Answer

A)   the absence of secondary sex characteristics.
B)   the absence of pituitary gonadotropin hormones.
C)   the inability of the uterus to support pregnancy.
D)   enlarged and hyperactive uterine endometrium.
E)   the absence of mammary gland development.F) A) and D)
G) B) and E)

Question 8

Menopause is characterized by

Accepted Answer

A)   reduced synthesis of ovarian steroids despite high levels of gonadotropin hormones.
B)   a decline in production of the gonadotropin hormones by the anterior pituitary gland.
C)   wearing away of the uterine endometrium.
D)   an increase in the blood supply to the ovaries.
E)   a halt in the synthesis of gonadotropin-releasing hormone by the brain.F) A) and B)
G) None of the above

Question 9

Females of many insect species can store sperm in

Accepted Answer

A)   their nests.
B)   the abdominal tract.
C)   the cloaca.
D)   the uterus.
E)   the spermathecae.F) B) and E)
G) All of the above

Question 10

A primary response by the Leydig cells in the testes to the presence of luteinizing hormone is an increase in the synthesis and secretion of

Accepted Answer

A)   inhibin.
B)   testosterone.
C)   oxytocin.
D)   prolactin.
E)   progesterone.F) A) and B)
G) None of the above

Question 11

In humans, the follicular cells that remain behind in the ovary following ovulation become

Accepted Answer

A)   the ovarian endometrium that is shed at the time of the menses.
B)   a steroid-hormone-synthesizing structure called the corpus luteum.
C)   the thickened portion of the uterine wall.
D)   swept into the fallopian tube.
E)   the placenta, which secretes cervical mucus.F) B) and C)
G) A) and E)

Question 12

Human trophoblasts

Accepted Answer

A)   form the inner cell mass.
B)   form from ectoderm.
C)   are the precursors of the mesoderm.
D)   are of embryonic origin and function in embryo nutrition.
E)   are of maternal origin and function in embryo gas exchange.F) B) and D)
G) B) and E)

Question 13

Mature human sperm and ova are similar in that they

Accepted Answer

A)   have the same number of chromosomes.
B)   are approximately the same size.
C)   each have a flagellum that provides motility.
D)   are produced from puberty until death.
E)   are formed before birth.F) All of the above
G) B) and D)

Question 14

Which of the following correctly displays the sequence of developmental milestones?

Accepted Answer

A)   blastula → gastrula → cleavage
B)   blastula → cleavage → gastrula
C)   cleavage → gastrula → blastula
D)   cleavage → blastula → gastrula
E)   gastrula → blastula → cleavageF) A) and E)
G) C) and E)

Question 15

Figure 36.2
Some nonreproductive structures are labeled in parentheses for orientation purposes.
-In the figure, which number corresponds to the scrotum?

Accepted Answer

A)   3
B)   6
C)   10
D)   13
E)   16F) A) and C)
G) A) and E)

Question 16

Fertilization of an egg without activation is most like

Accepted Answer

A)   placing the key in the ignition of a car but not starting the engine.
B)   resting during halftime of a basketball game.
C)   preparing a pie from scratch and baking it in the oven.
D)   walking to the cafeteria and eating lunch.
E)   dropping a rock off a cliff and watching it land in the valley below.F) A) and D)
G) All of the above

Question 17

Changes in both cell shape and cell position occur extensively during

Accepted Answer

A)   gastrulation, but not organogenesis or cleavage.
B)   organogenesis, but not gastrulation or cleavage.
C)   cleavage, but not gastrulation or organogenesis.
D)   gastrulation and organogenesis, but not cleavage.
E)   gastrulation, organogenesis, and cleavage.F) C) and D)
G) A) and B)

Question 18

Imagine that a woman is in the final week of her pregnancy. Her doctor gives her an injection of oxytocin. The likely result of this is that the pregnant woman would

Accepted Answer

A)   undergo the loss of oxytocin receptors from her uterine smooth muscle cells.
B)   stop secreting prostaglandins from the placenta.
C)   undergo vigorous contractions of her uterine muscles.
D)   increase the synthesis and secretion of progesterone.
E)   be prevented from beginning lactation.F) A) and E)
G) A) and D)

Question 19

The first cavity formed during sea urchin development is the

Accepted Answer

A)   blastopore.
B)   mouth.
C)   blastocoel.
D)   anus.E) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

Question 20

In sea urchins, the "fast block" and the longer-lasting "slow block" to polyspermy, respectively, are

Accepted Answer

A)   the acrosomal reaction and the formation of jelly coat.
B)   the cortical reaction and the formation of cortical granules.
C)   the jelly coat of the egg and the vitelline layer.
D)   membrane depolarization and the cortical reaction.
E)   inactivation of the sperm acrosome.F) All of the above
G) A) and B)

Exam 36: Reproduction and Development

In humans, the follicular cells that remain behind in the ovary following ovulation become

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Figure 36.1 Some nonreproductive structures are labeled in parentheses for orientation purposes. -In Figure 36.1, which number corresponds to the cervix?

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Fertilization of an egg without activation is most like

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In sea urchins, the "fast block" and the longer-lasting "slow block" to polyspermy, respectively, are

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The first cavity formed during sea urchin development is the

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Human trophoblasts

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Menopause is characterized by

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Figure 36.2 Some nonreproductive structures are labeled in parentheses for orientation purposes. -Sertoli cells are important for nourishing sperm. Where in the figure are they located?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is a possible outcome of oligo-ovulation, a condition in which a woman has infrequent or irregular menstrual cycles?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following correctly displays the sequence of developmental milestones?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Imagine that a woman is in the final week of her pregnancy. Her doctor gives her an injection of oxytocin. The likely result of this is that the pregnant woman would

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The vertebrate ectoderm is the origin of the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Females of many insect species can store sperm in

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Figure 36.2 Some nonreproductive structures are labeled in parentheses for orientation purposes. -In the figure, which number corresponds to the scrotum?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

An inactivating mutation in the progesterone receptor gene would likely result in

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Changes in both cell shape and cell position occur extensively during

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If a man is born with a blockage in his epididymis, he may experience

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

During fertilization, the acrosomal contents

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Mature human sperm and ova are similar in that they

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A primary response by the Leydig cells in the testes to the presence of luteinizing hormone is an increase in the synthesis and secretion of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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